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Joint Tenancy
Property owned by two or more people in a manner such that upon death of one of the joint owners, all of his/her interest in the property is transferred immediately, by operation of law, to the other surviving owners.
Trustee
A person or institution responsible for the management and distribution of property held in a Trust. The trustee has the authority to act according to the instructions provided in the trust agreement. See Fiduciary.
Federal Estate Taxes
Taxes imposed by the US Government on the value of a person's estate upon his or her death.
Transfer Tax
The combined Federal Estate and Gift tax. A single exemption credit applies whether the property was transferred during a person's lifetime (gift tax) or is held by a person at the time of his/her death (estate tax).
Exemption Credit
The amount of tax credit, similar in nature to the personal income tax exemption, applied to the transfer tax due at a person's death.
Probate
The process through which the legal title to property is transferred from a decedent to the beneficiaries. If a person dies with a will (testate), the probate court determines if the will is valid, hears any objections to the will, orders that creditors be paid and supervises the process to assure that property is distributed by the Personal Representative or Executor according to the terms of the will. If a person dies without a will (intestate) the probate court appoints an Administrator who receives all claims, pays creditors, and then distributes all property according to the laws of the state.
Inheritance Tax
A tax imposed by the state at the time of a person's death that is based upon the total value of the decedent's estate
Estate
The total of all assets, all debts and other obligations of an individual. At the time of death the total amount of benefits (life insurance, annuity and retirement benefits) to be paid to beneficiaries are often also considered part of the estate for Federal Estate Tax purposes
Gross Estate
The value of an estate before the debts are paid. In California Probate statutory attorneys and personal representatives fees are usually calculated based on the gross value of the estate, so that the value of the home is calculated before deducting the amount due on the mortgage.
Interlineation
Something written in-between; often a change to a typed document that is made by crossing out words and entering in replacement words. Never change an executed will or trust by interlineation.
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